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Schizophrenia and smoking
Studies across 20 countries show a strong association between schizophrenia and smoking, whereby people with schizophrenia are much more likely to smoke than those without the disease. For example, in the United States, 80% or more of people with schizophrenia smoke, compared to 20% of the general population in 2006.
Though it is well established that smoking is more prevalent among people with schizophrenia than the general population as well as those with other psychiatric diagnoses, there is currently no definitive explanation for this difference. Many social, psychological, and biological explanations have been proposed, but today research focuses on neurobiology.〔〔
Increased rates of smoking among people with schizophrenia has a number of serious impacts, including increased rates of mortality, increased risk of cardiovascular disease, reduced treatment effectiveness, and greater financial hardship.〔〔 Studies have also shown that in a male population, having a schizophrenia spectrum disorder puts a patient at risk of excess tobacco use. As a result, researchers believe it is important for mental health professionals to combat smoking among people with schizophrenia.〔〔
==Causes==
A number of theories have been proposed to explain increased rates of smoking among people with schizophrenia.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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